How does a normal intervertebral disc maintain its health?

The health of a normal intervertebral disc is primarily maintained through the process of diffusion of water and nutrients. This is essential because intervertebral discs do not have a direct blood supply; instead, they rely on the movement of fluids to deliver essential nutrients and remove metabolic waste products.

As the body moves, particularly with activities like walking or exercising, pressure changes within the discs facilitate the influx of water and nutrients through diffusion. This osmotic process helps keep the discs hydrated and nourished, which is crucial for their structural integrity and functionality. Proper hydration and nutrient absorption are vital for maintaining the disc’s elasticity and shock-absorbing properties, thereby preventing degeneration.

Regular physical activity does contribute positively to overall spinal health and may aid in indirectly promoting disc health, but the specific mechanism of nutrient intake for the discs is predominantly through diffusion. Heat therapy can provide temporary relief from discomfort but does not play a role in the metabolic processes of the discs. Additionally, while chiropractic adjustments can help with spinal alignment and function, they do not directly influence the nutritional maintenance of the discs in the same way that diffusion does.